UNIT- VII MULTIMEDIA AND WEB CONTENT
Multimedia Content:
1.
Multimedia packages
2.
Critical analysis of multimedia content
3.
Educational implications of Multi-media
4.
use and Interactivity
Websites with
Educational Content -Critically examine the content of websites
1.
Academic and Research content on the web
2.
Online journals and abstraction services
3.
Online courses
4.
Communication through the web
5.
Interpersonal communication through e-mail,
6.
Web forums and chatting groups.
Definition
Multimedia can be defined as an integration of multiple media elements
(audio,
video, graphics, text, animation etc.) into one synergetic and symbiotic whole
that
results in more benefits for the end user than any one of the media element can
provide individually.
Multimedia Packages are content that uses a
combination of different content
forms such
as text, audio, images, animation, video
and interactive content.
Multimedia Packages can be
recorded and played, displayed, dynamic, interacted with or accessed by information content
processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also
be part of a live performance.
Multimedia
devices are electronic media devices
used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished
from mixed media in fine art;
by including audio, for example, it has a broader scope. The term "rich media"
is synonymous for interactive multimedia. Hypermedia
scales up the amount of media content in multimedia application.
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Examples
of individual content forms combined in multimedia
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Educational
implications of Multi-media
The multimedia based
courseware has a number of advantages. These advantages are as follows:
1. It is self
paced.
2. It is highly
interactive
3. multimedia
provide a more engaging learning experience, with text, audio, video, and
animations all used to convey information which create interest among the
learner.
4. Video
clips can be used to explain abstract concepts.
5. Learning
is optimized for all three learning styles: auditory, kinaesthetic and visual.
6. Learning
is enhanced with multimedia because learners are able to see the body language
and hear the voices of on-screen video participants and interact in real time
using a greater number of senses.
7. The
increased rate of retention is another important advantage.
Multimedia is one of the
buzzwords in the field of education. Many educational institutions are using
multimedia based courseware for effective learning. They are using multimedia
to satisfy the needs of the learner. The educational institutions should come
forward to develop the multimedia based courseware in accordance with their
needs. They should prepare teachers to utilize this technology in the
classroom.
Specific uses of multimedia include:
1. drill and practice to master basic skills
2.
the
development of writing skill
3.
problem
solving
4.
understanding
abstract mathematics and science concepts
5.
simulation
in science and mathematics
6.
manipulation
of data
7.
acquisition
of computer skills for general purposes, and for business and vocational
8.
training
9.
access and
communication to understand populations and students
10.
access for
teachers and students in remote locations
11. individualized and cooperative learning management and
administration of classroom activities
Websites
with Educational Content
A Website is a collection of
related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed
with a common domain name or IP address
in an Internet Protocol based network. A website is hosted on atleast one web
server, accessible via the internet or a private local area network . The pages
of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform resource locator
(URL) called the home page. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy,
although hyper linking between them
conveys the reader’s perceived site structure and guides the readers
navigation of the site. Some websites require a subscription to access some or
all of their content. Examples of subscription sites include many business
sites, parts of many new sites, academic journal sites, gaming sites, message
boards, web based e-mail services, social networking web sites and sites
providing real time stock market data.
Types
of styles of websites
Normally depending upon the
design and the utility of the websites, they can be divided into two viz.,
-
Static
website
-
Dynamic
website
CRITICALLY EVALUATING
CONTENT OF THE WEBSITES
The Internet is a
relatively new and untested information and communication medium. As such, we need
to evaluate, expand, and adapt existing criteria for evaluating content, as
well as develop new techniques.
The Internet is a
ubiquitous medium: aside from questions of affordability,
it is very pervasive in both authorship and audience. A web address is now an
international information and persuasion medium
The Internet can very well
be an unregulated and un-regulatable medium.
As such, it is the visitor to a website who must have both tools and responsibility to discern quality websites.
As such, it is the visitor to a website who must have both tools and responsibility to discern quality websites.
Purpose
evaluation
Website gives information
for the following Purposes, So the purpose of the website should be
carefully assessed.
1. Personal
with biographic data, often called "vanity pages"
2. Promotional
to sell a product
3. "Current"
to provide extremely up-to-date information, as for newspapers' sites
4. Informational
to share information on a particular topic or hobby
5. Advocacy/persuasive
as propaganda to convert you to particular point of view
6. Instructional
to teach a unit or course of study;
7. Registration
to register for courses, information, and/or products, accumulate a database
of, and simplify communication with, registrants
8. Entertainment.
Contexts
of website evaluation:
Following
details of the context of the site is evaluated to choose the best website.
1.
header
2.
body
3.
footer
4.
navigation
Evaluative
Guidelines
There are six (6) criteria that should be applied
when evaluating any Web site: authority, accuracy,
objectivity, currency, coverage, and appearance. The
framework of this document (criteria and questions) was developed by Jan
Alexander and Marsha Tate and is available on their site Evaluate Web
Pages.Below is a
chart listing key questions for each of the six criteria. By clicking on
a particular criteria, you will be given more explanation.
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Is it
clear who is responsible for the contents of the page?
Is
there a way of verifying the legitimacy of the organization, group, company
or individual?
Is
there any indication of the author's qualifications for writing on a
particular topic?
Is the
information from sources known to be reliable?
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Are the
sources for factual information clearly listed so they can be verified in
another source?
Is
the information free of grammatical, spelling, and other typographical
errors?
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Does
the content appear to contain any evidence of bias?
Is
there a link to a page describing the goals or purpose of the sponsoring
organization or company?
If
there is any advertising on the page, is it clearly differentiated from the
informational content?
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Are
there dates on the page to indicate when the page was written, when the page
was first placed on the Web, or when the page was last revised?
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Are these topics successfully
addressed, with clearly presented arguments and adequate support to
substantiate them?
Does the work update other
sources, substantiate other materials you have read, or add new information?
Is the target
audience identified and appropriate for your needs?
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Does the site look well
organized?
Do the links work? Does
the site appear well maintained?
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ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH CONTENT ON THE
WEB
Need
to find journal articles or scholarly or academic research papers? Ordinary search engines are not very useful for
finding academic research studies, scholarly journal articles, or other sources.
Academic search engines
like www.googlescholar.com are a far better
alternative, and they abound online. Use the tools below to find journal
articles, which are available in formats ranging from citations or brief
abstracts to full text delivered electronically or in hard copy. Some articles
are provided free. Often, a fee is required or access is restricted in some
way.
To find journals using
regular search engines or web directories, try adding the word journal or the phrase "electronic
journal" to your search term. In directories, look under your
respective discipline.
Yahoo, for example, lists
eleven journals under Science/Biology/Cell
Biology and twelve under Arts/Humanities/Literature/Poetry.
Academic articles and
scholarly research papers may also be available through the Internet's many
library gateways.
Need a grammar or usage tune-up for that report,
essay, or research paper? Try these reference tools. Find books and textbooks through our books page.
We also can find
1. Find Academic Journal Articles
2. Science and Medical Journal Articles
3. Library Gateways for Academic
Research
4. Theses & Dissertations
5. Other Scholarly & Academic
Research Resources
ONLINE
JOURNALS AND ABSTRACTION SERVICES
An abstracting service is a service that provides abstracts of
publications, often on a subject or group of related subjects, usually on a
subscription basis. An indexing services a service that assigns descriptors and other
kinds of access points to documents.
The word indexing service is today mostly used for computer programs, but may
also cover services providing back-of-the-book indexes,
journal indexes, and related kinds of indexes. An indexing
and abstracting service is
a service that provides shortening or summarizing of documents and assigning of
descriptors for referencing documents.
ONLINE COURSES
The definition of online courses varies, depending
on the education level you’re at and the type of course you’re taking.
Obviously, at all levels, e-learning involves taking a course via a computer.
An official definition would be a “network-enabled transfer of skills and knowledge
using a computer.” In reality, this is accomplished in a few different ways.
Master’s degree courses, particularly business and
nursing programs are often set up in “cohorts.” This means
that you’re assigned to a team of students, who work together on papers or
projects.
“Synchronous”
courses are
the closest thing online to traditional classes. They require students and
teachers to go online together at specific times. But because teachers must
keep in touch with all students via email, an online synchronous course will
usually accept fewer students than a class at a bricks and mortar school.
USING THE INTERNET TO
COMMUNICATE
The
Internet isn't just about finding information. It's also about connecting with
friends, family, and people you've never met before. Today, there are many
different ways to communicate online, including social
networking, chat,VoIP,
and blogging.
Social networking
Social networking has become
one of the main ways people keep in touch. Below are a few of the most popular
social networking sites:
Facebook is used by
about 1
billion people. If you have family or friends who live far away,
you can use Facebook to keep up with their lives. You can also share things
you've found online that interest you
Twitter lets you share
brief messages (or "tweets")
with the entire world or with just your circle of friends. By following people
with similar interests, you can discover new things you wouldn't have found
otherwise
LinkedIn is a site
you can use for business
networking. It allows you to connect with other people in
your field and discover new job opportunities
Chat
room
A
chat room is a Web site, part of a Web site, or part of an online service such
as America Online, that provides a venue for communities of users with a common
interest to communicate in real time.
Forums
and discussion groups, in comparison, allow users to post messages but don't
have the capacity for interactive messaging. Most chat rooms don't require
users to have any special software; those that do, such as Internet Relay Chat
(IRC) allow users to download it from the Internet
Internet forum
An Internet
forum is a discussion area on a website. Website members can post discussions
and read and respond to posts by other forum members. A forum can be focused on
nearly any subject and a sense of an online community, or virtual
community, tends to develop among forum members.
This type of forum may also be called a message
board, discussion group, bulletin board, or web forum, but it differs from a
blog, the name for a web log, as a blog is usually written by one user and
usually only allows for the responses of others to the blog material. A forum
usually allows all members to make posts and start new topics.
An Internet
forum is also different from a chat room.
Members in a chat room usually all chat or communicate at the same time, while
members in a discussion group post messages to be read by others whenever they
happen to log on. Forums also tend to be more topic-focused than chat rooms.
Before a
prospective member joins a group and makes posts to others, he or she is
usually required to register. The prospective member must usually agree to
follow certain online rules, sometimes called netiquette,
such as to respect other members and refrain from using profanity. When a
member is approved by the administrator or moderator, the member usually
chooses his or her own user name and password,
although sometimes, a password is supplied. An avatar,
or photograph or picture, supplied by the member might appear under the
member's user name in each post.
The
separate conversations in a forum are called threads, and they are made up of
member-written posts. Members can usually edit their own posts, start new
topics, post in their choice of threads, and edit their profile. A profile
usually lists optional information about each forum member, such as the city
they are located in and their interests.
An
Internet forum administrator or monitor may also participate in the forum. An
administrator can usually modify threads as well as move or delete threads if
necessary. He or she can also usually change software items in the forum.
Moderators often help the administrator and monitor and guide the discussion to
make sure the forum rules are being followed.
Web forum software packages are written in many
different program languages, including Perl, PHP, ASP
and Java. Either text files or a database can be used for the configuration and
storage of posts.
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